Friday, December 27, 2019

Abdeali Dalal. Dr. Jenkins. History 1301. February 13,

Abdeali Dalal Dr. Jenkins History 1301 February 13, 2017 â€Å"Escaping Salem; The Other Witch Hunt of 1692† â€Å"Escaping Salem; The Other Witch hunt of 1692† was penned and published by Richard Godbeer in 2005. Godbeer expressed his views on what he called basic witch trials in Salem and more importantly, in Stamford, Connecticut Massachusetts. The same year that Salem witch hunt and trials began in 1692, another witch hunt took place in Stamford, the Western Connecticut to when a woman (Elizabeth Clawson) from there was also accused of Witchcraft. These witch hunt and trials took place in colonial Massachusetts during the period 1692-93, whereby, almost 200 victims or more were alleged of conducting witchcraft, otherwise called the Devil’s†¦show more content†¦Two of whom were she mentioned as witches were then put to trial for witchcraft. Questions about whether Kate’s screaming and mostly pain were due to natural or unnatural causes arose. If she were bewitched, how can people believe her story when the mere fact is that her information came from the devi l? These questions still remain as Godbeer reveals through narrative how the judges and the trial were such a legal covert. It was decided that all witches must have posed a tremendous danger to the Salem community and the Stamford, Connecticut that as proving such an invisible matter was almost impossible since they relied on â€Å"the Devils Magic†(Godbeer 89-109) to account for another. The fact that the court used Kate Branch to determine other witches through the same method, the witchcraft; others were convicted from, showed how the courts in Connecticut were controversial and embroil in it on their use of doubtful evidence. Kate’s credibility was questioned by many and this showed that it was almost certain the screams from Kate Brunch were mere natural and had nothing to do with the supposedly mentioned witches who were bewitched her. Using the â€Å"Devil’s Magic†(Godbeer 109-104) others were convicted for, it can be also concluded that whatever information she had given could not have been trusted by the judges since her information came from the same source other witches are accused and convicted for. The author gives his view on this case – Kate Branch as he

Thursday, December 19, 2019

The Horrors Of A Slave Ship By Olaudah Equiano - 2077 Words

Sydney Perez Lopez History 1301 MW Professor Lewellen November 18th, 2015 E-reader Assignment The Horrors of a Slave Ship: By Olaudah Equiano {pg. 108 – pg. 117} The main focus of the document, The Horrors of a Slave Ship, is over a topic of a young boy given the name Gustavus Vassa who shared his story of his own slavery experience. He writes about a journey of heartbreak and terror and all of the restrictions he endured. He first describes the day he was kidnapped, then all of the families he was sold to. At one time he was fortunate to see his sister for a last time before being sold again to another family. Vassa observes the differences and similarities between his culture and the families’ of his owner’s cultures. Towards the end of the document, Vassa describes Africa, and how he was shipped off to a new world. He had to endure the horrors that came with being chained up with the other slaves. The boy described the smell to be unbearable and that many people would choose death their current situations. By the end of the document he portrayed the way that people were being sold in an auction and the despair of agony when they were parted from their loved ones. The main point of the article, The Horrors of a Slave Ship, was to inform the public of the great deal of pain inflicted upon the victims that were attacked within the African American slave trade system. The article, The Horrors of a Slave Ship, has a main point of purpose to shed light on the truth of theShow MoreRelatedOlaudah Equiano And Mary Rowlandson Essay1264 Words   |  6 Pageshard conditions, facing unbearable horror, and events that deteriorated their lives forever, both Mary Rowlandson and Olaudah Equiano share similar experiences they encountered in their lifetime, as well as differences, allowing us to compare the two and the hardships they faced. As Mary Rowlandson and Olaudah Equiano had variation between both of their experiences, such as gender roles and different ages and past life, they both experienced relatively the same horror nobody should have to experienceRead MoreEquiano s From The Interesting Narrative Of Olaudah Equiano980 Words   |  4 PagesOlaudah Equiano’s â€Å"From the Interesting Narrative of Olaudah Equiano† is written with the intent of ending the slave trade and aiding the abolitionists’ movement. His narrative tells his personal story of kidnapping, being sold into slavery and his experience in the middle passage. According to this account Olaudah Equiano grew up in Africa with a large family. He was captured and sold into slavery at age eleven. As an adult he became an opposing voice to slavery. This autobiography was publishedRead MoreThe Horrors of a Slave Ship1030 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"The Horrors of a Slave Ship,† describes in detail, the tragic experiences of Olaudah Equiano as a captive slave. Equiano suffered many sleepless nights; he was flogged and kidnapped multiple times. In the article, the author is trying to give the reader the feeling by giving details of the brutally floggings and desperation as many slaves suffocated to death as they were placed in an overcrowded deck. Overall, the author tries to give readers their point across of the difficulties in being a captiveRead MoreEssay Olaudah Equiano1130 Words   |  5 PagesOlaudah Equiano In 1745, Olaudah Equiano was born in a small village in Isseke,Nigeria. His father was one of the chiefs in the village. At age eleven Equiano and his sister were kidnapped by two men and a woman never to see his home or parents again. After being kidnapped he was hiked across part of Africa untill he arrived at the coast where he was loaded onto a slave ship. While crossing the Atlantic to Barbados onboard the slave ship he and his countrymen were subject to horrorsRead MoreThe Slave Ship By Marcus Rediker1415 Words   |  6 PagesThe Slave Ship was written by Marcus Rediker and it tells several accounts of the African slave trade as well as the world of the middle passage. The author discusses the nature of the slave ship and the African paths to the middle passage. Rediker also mentions the lives of historical figures (Olaudah Equiano, James Field Stanfield, and John Newton) and the roles that they had during the Atlantic slave trade. For the African captives, the sailor s, and captains, the slave ship was seen as a woodenRead MoreOlaudah Equiano And Benjamin Franklin1073 Words   |  5 Pages Tanis Baumann 10/31/17 2nd Olaudah Equianos and Benjamin Franklin compare and contrast Olaudah and Benjamin where both different and similar in may ways and their own modes of writing and writing styles exhibit their own attitudes to the cause they cared about. Olaudah Equiano, was a former enslaved African and he wrote autobiography showing the horrors of lobbied and slavery and advocated for its abolition.   Benjamin Franklin was a printer whose success as an authorRead MoreA Slave During The Slave Trade977 Words   |  4 Pagesthat time period? Olaudah Equiano was a slave during the slave trade who wrote an autobiography about his experiences with said topic. After being enslaved for ten years, he finally could afford to buy his freedom and become an anti-slavery activist. His text explains his trek across oceans in a ship with awful living conditions. In the text, The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano, by Olaudah Equiano, the reader can learn about the conditions aboard the ships, the cruelty of theRead MoreEssay on Olaudah Equiano1220 W ords   |  5 Pagesdocumentations in historical books, the history of the twelve million African slaves that traveled the â€Å"Middle Passage† in miserable conditions would not exist. Olaudah Equiano contributes to this horrid history with The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano. Through this narrative, the appalling personal experience of each slave is depicted. He accomplishes his rhetorical purpose of informing the world of the slave experience in this narrative. His use of unique style and rhetorical devicesRead MoreSummary : Free Slave Voice 1397 Words   |  6 PagesMcDonald Vincent Vance English 251 December 2, 2015 Free Slave Voice â€Å"Monsters exist, but they are too few in number to be truly dangerous. More dangerous are the common men, the functionaries ready to believe and to act without asking questions.† (Levi) Mr. Levi’s quote is a response to a question about his survival at Auschwitz. In order to correct unjust or evil, we who stand by and say nothing must speak up, be heard, and be understood for we are many and evil is few. (OE) after readingRead MoreOlaudah Equiano The Middle Passage Analysis839 Words   |  4 PagesOlaudah Equianos The Middle Passage Olaudah Equianos The Middle Passage is a testament to the cruelty and wickedness of men. It is clear that Equiano was a slave in another household in Africa and was sold and placed on the ship to be sold to another master in another country. From the time Equiano boards the ship, he finds the white men or crew he encounters as bad spirits and does not know what to make of their widely differing complexions, long hair and different language. From Equianos

Wednesday, December 11, 2019

Grand Wine Case Study

Questions: 1.Conduct SWOT Analysis giving 5 Points each for S, W,O,T as per Descriptions below to help Project Managers.2.Prepare Project Charter.3.Prepare Communications Plan. Answers: Introduction Grand wines is a wine company in Sydney. You are the employee of the company and are the project manager of a proposed project in which you have to equip the 20 sales representatives of the company with a wireless device so as to take the orders, feed the data into the system. This will help the company meet the orders in time, reduce the cost of travel and the control of error which humans make while entering the data in the system. The budget for the project is 600000 AUD and the duration is six months. 1.SWOT Analysis Strength If the company is going to implement this wireless system of providing wireless device to clients for taking orders, it will help strengthening the business of the company. They have a set of 20 representatives operating over all areas of NSW. They service around 400 liquor and wine shops in the state which is a good network. The current manual system will become merchandise. The wireless system will help utilize the efficiency of sales representatives in other business chores. Weakness The current weakness of the firm is that they are working on a manual system of taking customer orders and processing the data manually which may cause various human err. The as is system takes time to deliver the order to customer. At least one day is lost in supplying. Travel cost to be incurred by the company, since the salesman needs to travel to the main branch for passing the order to the team. Sales representatives does not know the inventory position which leads to the delay in order delivery. Tracking of orders is difficult since the system is manual and there is no maintenance of data properly. Opportunity Opportunity for the firm is to strengthen the business by implementing this wireless device system. Since they are struggling with the competition, this is a good move to be taken forward The system shows an improvement in the efficiency of sales rep. They will know the current inventory position. The stock will not be delayed and will lead to customer satisfaction. Threat Competition is the biggest threat for Grand wines. Competitors are performing better in terms of Delivery speed Order accuracy Customer satisfaction Availability of stock Wireless system after lying in place, may cause some data loss. Power and data connection will be required. A server needs to be set up in Sydney which will incur some fixed cost. (Scott E. Chapa, 2002) 2.Project Charter Title Of The Project Wireless Data Entry System Name Of The Project Manager Students Name E-Mail Project Manager Students Email Id Project Objectives Main objectives for the project are: Reduce the customer lead time. Sales representatives to be aware about the latest inventory position before taking the order. Reduce the human error by making the manual data entry system mechanical. Increase customer satisfaction. Stay ahead in competition and focus on getting more business. (Davidson Frame, 2014) Major Deliverable I Deliverable Description Server Installation Server installation in Sydney Wireless Devices up running Manual Data entry system is no more a problem Executive Milestones Estimated Completion Timeframe Project planning Two weeks after project concept is approved First version completed Three weeks after requirements analysis is done Server Installation Four weeks after kick off Connection to 20 wireless devices Four weeks after server installation Training of Salesforce Three weeks before project delivery Project Delivery Final week of the sixth month Acceptance Criteria Project Start Date: 21.12.2016 Project End Date: 21.05.2017 Project duration is six months after the start date. Project budget: AUD 60000 All stakeholders involved will be satisfied at the end of the project. Customer satisfaction Increment in the sales of Grand Wines current financial year Assumptions and Constraints Wireless system to be implemented is genuine and perfect. There will be data connectivity at all times. All sales representatives are okay with the new system of data entry and are trained to use that. Customer requirements are constant and will not change depending on the system of data entry. Constraints: Budget is 60000 AUD and duration is 6 months. Stakeholders Name Role Email Students Name Project Manager Students email Mr XYZ CEO, sponsor of the project abc@gmail.com Mr XYZ1 Team leader for the project abc1@gmail.com Mr XYZ2 IT personnel abc2@gmail.com Mr XYZ3 Advisor abc3@gmail.com Mr XYZ 4 Research Department abc4@gmail.com Other stakeholders are: 20 Sales representatives Customer base of Grand Wine Grand wine 400 retailers (Ponnappa, 2014) Lessons Learned Various kinds of wireless devices are available in the market. Keeping in mind the requirement of sales rep and matching it with the devices available in the market, one device needs to be selected. 20 devices are to be bought keeping in mind the budget allotted. Possible Pitfalls Data connectivity Uninterrupted power supply for main server Efficiency of the IT personnel No glitches in server installation Budget Allocation IT personnel payment: 5000 AUD Cost of Server: 10000 AUD Server installation charges: 5000 AUD Cost of 20 wireless devices: 20000 AUD Training to the sales force: 10000 AUD Miscellaneous expenses: 10000 AUD Approach Analyse the AS IS process and work on the TO BE process Conduct a survey with customers about the drawbacks of current system and collect their feedback. Work on the anomalies in current system with brain storming. Market study of the wireless devices available for data entry. Analysis of the pros and cons of the mechanical data entry system if any data loss can happen and make arrangements accordingly. Buy a sample system, implement it and take customer feedback, if the feedback is good then implement it for other 19 sales representatives. Training of sales men on how to use the new device for data entry. Since we are getting sponsorship, we need to see what we are giving back to the sponsor, that agreement is also need to be focussed on. (Mikkelsen, 2002) Project Sign Off Once the project is completed, as per the deadline, the project is prepared for sign off. Project implementation is done. As a project manager, it is my responsibility to utilise all the available resources as per their competence and skills and meet all the milestones on time. 3.Communication Plan The wireless data entry system once implemented will help the company increase business sales, satisfaction of customer. Project Requirment A server needs to be installed in the main office of Sydney. We may require some application software to be installed for making the server run. Some hardware like the wireless device and some computers are required. Security plan if some data loss occurs in later point of time. Alternate source of power in case power failure takes place. Mode of communication between all the resources will be through e mails and phone calls. Written communication is a favourable mode. All the requirements will be documented and shared with the team. Weekly meetings will be held after each milestone to judge where we are lagging. Do we require more resources? What all needs to be done to complete the project on time. Plan Purpose All stakeholders need to be identified as per the table shared above with everyone clear about their roles. Necessary information and data will be shared with the team members. All meetings venue to be decided. Timings of the meeting will be shared a day before for locking the calendars. Agenda for the meeting will be disclosed in the mail. Project Success If the project is completed within the specified timeline and the budget with all requirements met, then the project is considered to be successful. The customers should be satisfied at the end when the wireless devices are being used. Inventory should be properly managed as per the order stock coming. Sales of the firm should improve in Sydney if all stakeholders have started using the wireless device rather than the manual data entry system. This will reduce anomalies too which used to happen during manual data entry. References: Davidson Frame, J. (2014). Reconstructing project management. Project Management Journal, 45(1), e2e2. doi:10.1002/pmj.21387 Ponnappa, G. (2014). Project Stakeholder management. Project Management Journal, 45(2), e3e3. doi:10.1002/pmj.21400 Mikkelsen, H. (2006). Quality of project work and project management. International Journal of Project Management, 8(3), 138143. doi:10.1016/0263-7863(90)90014-3 Handheld Computers for Data Entry: A Data Services Approach Using Java TM and XML Scott E. Chapal, Ichauway, Inc., Newton, GA(2002) https://www.simplilearn.com/project-management-basic-principles-article https://www.tutorialspoint.com/management_concepts/project_charter.htm

Wednesday, December 4, 2019

Judgement Night Soundtrack free essay sample

Judgment Night soundtrack For all you people who have diverse and different musical tastes, I have found the tape for you. Punk, rap, heavy metal, and college music are represented on the Judgment Night soundtrack, making it a virtual plethora of distinct musical talent. Every cut on this album mixes a rap artist with an artist of heavy metal, punk, or college music. For the hard-core headbangers, we have the always hard-core thrash band Slayer teaming up with Ice-T on the cut Disorder. This song sounds just like a track from Ice-Ts Body Count album. I personally dont like Slayer or the way Ice-T raps so I dont like this song. It was also way too heavy for me. The guitars go 100 miles an hour and everyone screams instead of singing. For the many lovers of college music, there are two very mellow songs on this tape. Cypress Hill and Sonic Youth combine on I Love You Mary Jane, and De La Soul and Teenage Fan Club get together on Fallin. We will write a custom essay sample on Judgement Night Soundtrack or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Both these songs have that funky feeling to them. The two punk rock songs are represented by House of Pain and Helmet on Just Another Victim and by The Booya T.r.i.b.e. and Faith No More on Another Body Murdered. These are my two favorite songs on this album. The bands tastefully combine hardcore rap lyrics with good guitar licks and drum beats. The rhythm is very good and makes them the best songs to mosh to on this tape. The only other exceptional songs on this tape are the Cypress Hill and Pearl Jam track The Real Thing and the Del the Funky Homosapien and Dinosaur Jr. song Missing Link. These songs complement the bands talent really well. Missing Link mixes a mellow voice with a biting guitar riff. The rest of the songs, Onyx and Biohazard on Judgment Night, Sir Mix A-Lot and Mudhoney on Freak Mama, Fatal and Therapy on Come and Die, and Run DMC and Living Colour on Me, Myself, and My Microphone, are, at the very best, mediocre. All in all I felt that this was a very good tape with a little something for everyone. I highly recommend you buy it. . Review by J. H., Houlton, ME

Wednesday, November 27, 2019

Universal Healthcare The Pros and Cons free essay sample

On March 23, 2010 the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act was signed by President Obama, raising the question for many of whether this new law was going to be more helpful or hurtful. With universal healthcare, healthcare coverage would be increased tremendously, costs would be reduced, jobs would be created, and consumers would be protected. Conversely, it will also raise taxes and wait times, lead to a smaller number of doctors, and infringe on some employers’ 1st amendment rights. Presenting both arguments for and against the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act allows one to draw a conclusion on whether the new program will benefit or hinder the citizens of the United States. The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, or PPACA, will extend coverage to virtually every US citizen. It is estimated that approximately 45 million Americans are uninsured, and 45,000 of those citizens are dying each year simply because they do not have health care (Ireland). We will write a custom essay sample on Universal Healthcare: The Pros and Cons or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Once this new act takes effect, 32 of those 45 million citizens will receive coverage. Citizens whose ages range from 19 to 25 will be able to stay on their parent’s insurance plans when normally they would have been forced off the plan. Young adults who are not on their parent’s insurance plans and who normally wouldn’t be able to afford coverage will now be able to pay for their own health insurance. Currently, patients with pre-existing conditions can be denied coverage. However, with the PPACA, insurance companies will no longer be able to deny coverage or stop coverage when a member becomes ill. Women will also be granted additional coverage, such as receive access to women’s health services, and these new benefits are also required to have no out of pocket fees. Also, the availability of contraception, such as abortion, will be expanded (â€Å"The Patient Protection†). The cost of health care will be greatly reduced by the PPACA, and this will have a chain reaction on big businesses and employees. With almost 95 percent of citizens paying for health insurance, costs for health care will decrease (Poe). Once the cost for health care declines, it will cost less for big businesses to hire employees. It is estimated that 4 million jobs  will be created over the next 10 years. The PPACA also affects the economy in another way; it will reduce the national deficit. Contrary to popular belief, the passing of this law will reduce the national debt by 210 billion dollars within the next decade. If it were repealed, the national debt would be raised by $230 billion (Poe). The PPACA also offers various other benefits to citizens. Catherine Poe states that once the law is passed, there will be â€Å" no more Freddie the Freeloaders allowed†; if a citizen can afford health insurance and does not purchase it, he or she will pay a fee of one percent of his or her household income. This fee will increase to 2.5 percent by 2017. This will prevent citizens from not paying for health insurance and just continuing to live off of the tax dollars of other citizens who do pay for their health insurance. Also, the PPACA will protect consumers from the overcharging by health insurance providers. It will force the providers to spend 80 percent of their income on rebates or expenses, such as health and marketing expenses (â€Å"ObamaCare†). While the PPACA will benefit citizens greatly, it also has its negative side effects. As previously discussed, the PPACA will lower healthcare costs and the national debt, but it will also hurt the economy as well. The cost of drugs is expected to rise due to pharmaceutical companies paying an additional 84.8 billion dollars over the next decade (â€Å"The Patient Protection†). Taxes will also be raised in order to cover the additional costs brought on by the new program. The additional taxes will be charged to individuals making over $200,000 and couples making over $250,000. Additionally, families will only be able to deduct medical costs that surpass 10 percent of their annual income, compared to the 7.5 percent that is currently allowed. It was stated earlier in this paper that big businesses would benefit from this law; however, the exact opposite is true for small businesses. Businesses will be forced to provide healthcare for their employees or pay a fine, something the y may not be able to afford. This may result in employees’ hours being cut or even the termination of the employee (â€Å"ObamaCare†). The PPACA will also have a direct negative impact on the medical field as a whole. By 2025 there is expected to be a shortage of nearly 52,000 physicians. This, coupled with the number of office visits increasing over 100 million times, will put incredible strain on the healthcare system (â€Å"The Patient Protection†). This will cause wait times for medical treatment to be greatly increased. Patients will be more likely to go to the emergency room for minor treatments, such as coughs due to colds, thus causing patients with real emergencies to wait even longer. Also, there will be no competition for patients. This competition is what encourages health care workers to excel in their specialties and to become better. This may even cause fewer people to choose to pursue a career in the medical profession (Ireland). One of the more controversial arguments against universal healthcare is the effect it will have on known religious-based businesses. As stated earlier, with the PPACA businesses will be required to provide health insurance for their employees that would include contraceptive services for women. The result is that religious based businesses, such as Hobby Lobby, which is owned by evangelical Christians, will be forced to essentially pay for their employees to receive contraceptives, something that goes against their religion. If a business decides to follow its religious beliefs and not provide the health insurance it will be issued a fine, thus hurting the business for practicing their religion. This has led the government to define what religion is and what qualifies a business as a religious employer. This aspect of the PPACA goes against the 1st amendment protection of the freedom of religion, therefore making it unconstitutional (â€Å"A Case†). Weighing both sides of the universal healthcare argument, it can be concluded that the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act is truly more hurtful than it is helpful. It will cost citizens greatly, through increased tax dollars and being forced to pay for their healthcare. Small businesses contribute immensely to the country’s economy, and they will be hurt significantly by this program. Also, the effects it will have on the healthcare system are immeasurable. There is already a considerable shortage of doctors, and this will only increase remarkably once the PPACA takes  effect. Lack of competition within the medical profession is something that cannot be overlooked either. This could potentially lead to less skilled doctors and even prevent major breakthroughs in medicine if doctors are not trying to be the best. The infringement on 1st amendment rights in regards to religious-based businesses is a major flaw within this new law. Forcing companies to provide a service that goes against their religious beliefs is argument enough as to why the PPACA is a harmful program for the United States.

Sunday, November 24, 2019

Jet Blue

Jet Blue JetBlue Customer ServiceJetBlue Airways is one of the top commercial airlines in the industry. JetBlue was founded in 1999 by David Neeleman. Their sales pitch was to give consumers "leather seats, satellite TV from DIRECTV, satellite radio from XM, and movies" (JetBlue) all for a reasonably low price. JetBlue's main goal was to "bring humanity back to air travel". The airline industry is suffering more than ever when it comes to customer service.JetBlue airways have always been my families choose of airline. Not because they were the best in the industry but because they provided a quality service for an affordable cost. We traveled often and my parents trusted the airline enough to send me and my sister on their flights alone. Our experience with customer service has been nothing to brag about. To name a few situations: they changed our flight information last minute without sending us the updated information, they lost our baggage twice, and the finally situation was when the atte ndant that was supposed to accompany me and my sister through security and to board our flight was late to work that day so we missed our flight and we had to board another flight 3 hours later.One of the main issues for JetBlue customers are the over-exaggerated bag fees that add to vacation costs. According to the American Customer Satisfaction Index (ACSI) "passengers that pay to checked bags are 10 points less satisfied than those who don't." (Aluise). Although this is one of the most successful ways airlines generate revenue it is destroying customer relations and giving them a bad reputation. JetBlue wanted to distinguish them from the rest penny grubbing airline carriers without disappointing investors so they came up with the "First bag checked free program". Other than Southwest airlines who allow...

Thursday, November 21, 2019

Ethical theory and bio ethics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Ethical theory and bio ethics - Essay Example Kantian ethics revolve around Kant’s principle of Categorical Imperative. Two major formulations of this principle are: formula of the universal law, and formula of the end in itself. I think that Kantian ethics are not flexible, and are based on duty rather than consequences. They become a problem in situations where compassion and empathy has to be preferred over duty. Greek ethics before Socrates focused on ethike arà ªte in carrying out a responsibility efficiently. Ethike arà ªte presented role-defined ethics, and formed the basis for many ethical principles. However, Socrates changed this perception, asserting that there have to be distinctive ethike arà ªte for every individual. I feel this change was important to shift from a broader sense of ethical characteristics to a narrow one. For example, Greek ethics before Socrates tended to ask, â€Å"What are the good traits of a physician?’ Socrates changed this to a narrow sense as, â€Å"What are the good traits of a person who seeks to be a